Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) protocol for mobile ad hoc networks. The protocol is an optimization of the classical link state algorithm tailored to the requirements of a mobile wireless LAN. The key concept used in the protocol is that of multipoint relays (MPRs). MPRs are selected nodes which forward broadcast messages during the flooding process. This technique substantially reduces the message overhead as compared to a classical flooding mechanism, where every node retransmits each message when it receives the first copy of the message. In OLSR, link state information is generated only by nodes elected as MPRs. Thus, a second optimization is achieved by minimizing the number of control messages flooded in the network. As a third optimization, an MPR node may choose to report only links between itself and its MPR selectors. Hence, as contrary to the classic link state algorithm, partial link state information is distributed in the network. Thisinformation is then used for route calculation. OLSR provides optimal routes (in terms of number of hops). The protocol is particularly suitable for large and dense networks as the technique of MPRs works well in this contex
SAMPLE PROGRAM
# ======================================================================
# Define options
# ======================================================================
set opt(chan) Channel/WirelessChannel ;# channel type
#set opt(prop) Propagation/TwoRayGround ;# radio-propagation model
set opt(prop) Propagation/Shadowing ;# radio-propagation model
set opt(netif) Phy/WirelessPhy ;# network interface type
set opt(mac) Mac/802_11 ;# MAC type
set opt(ifq) Queue/DropTail/PriQueue ;# interface queue type
set opt(ll) LL ;# link layer type
set opt(ant) Antenna/OmniAntenna ;# antenna model
set opt(ifqlen) 50 ;# max packet in ifq
set opt(nn) 11 ;# number of mobilenodes
set opt(adhocRouting) OLSR ;# routing protocol
set opt(cp) "" ;# connection pattern file
set opt(sc) "" ;# node movement file.
set opt(x) 1000 ;# x coordinate of topology
set opt(y) 1000 ;# y coordinate of topology
set opt(seed) X
set opt(stop) 50 ;# time to stop simulation
set opt(cbr-start) 5.0
set opt(cbr-stop) 45.0
set opt(pa-start) 7.0
set opt(pa-stop) 37.0
set opt(pa1-start) 9.0
set opt(pa1-stop) 39.0
# ============================================================================
#
# check for random seed
#
if {$opt(seed) > 0} {
puts "Seeding Random number generator with $opt(seed)\n"
ns-random $opt(seed)
}
#Ganho das antenas
Antenna/OmniAntenna set Gt_ 18.0
Antenna/OmniAntenna set Gr_ 18.0
Phy/WirelessPhy set bandwidth_ 11Mb
# frequencia (2.4 GHz 802.11b) {Alcance = 276 metros}
Phy/WirelessPhy set freq_ 2.4e+9
Mac/802_11 set dataRate_ 11Mb
Mac/802_11 set basicRate_ 2Mb
Propagation/Shadowing set pathlossExp_ 2.7 ;#expoente de perdas
Propagation/Shadowing set std_db_ 4.0 ;#desvio padrao (dB)
#Propagation/TwoRayGround set L_ 1.0
#
# create simulator instance
#
set ns_ [new Simulator]
#
# control OLSR behaviour from this script -
# commented lines are not needed because
# those are default values
#
Agent/OLSR set use_mac_ true
Agent/OLSR set debug_ true
Agent/OLSR set willingness 3
Agent/OLSR set hello_ival_ 2
Agent/OLSR set tc_ival_ 5
Agent/OLSR set mpr_algorithm_ 1
Agent/OLSR set routing_algorithm_ 1
Agent/OLSR set link_quality_ 1
Agent/OLSR set fish_eye_ false
Agent/OLSR set link_delay_ false
Agent/OLSR set tc_redundancy_ 1
Agent/OLSR set c_alpha_ 0.6
#
# open traces
#
$ns_ use-newtrace
set tracefd [open wtrace.tr w]
set namtrace [open simulation.nam w]
$ns_ trace-all $tracefd
$ns_ namtrace-all-wireless $namtrace $opt(x) $opt(y)
#
# create topography object
#
set topo [new Topography]
#
# define topology
#
$topo load_flatgrid $opt(x) $opt(y)
#
# create God
#
create-god $opt(nn)
#
# configure mobile nodes
#
$ns_ node-config -adhocRouting $opt(adhocRouting) \
-llType $opt(ll) \
-macType $opt(mac) \
-ifqType $opt(ifq) \
-ifqLen $opt(ifqlen) \
-antType $opt(ant) \
-propType $opt(prop) \
-phyType $opt(netif) \
-channelType $opt(chan) \
-topoInstance $topo \
-wiredRouting OFF \
-agentTrace ON \
-routerTrace ON \
-macTrace OFF
for {set i 1} {$i < $opt(nn)} {incr i} {
set node_($i) [$ns_ node]
}
#
# positions
$node_(1) set X_ 160.0 #CAPACIT
$node_(1) set Y_ 485.0
$node_(1) set Z_ 15.0
$node_(2) set X_ 305.0 #DI
$node_(2) set Y_ 277.0
$node_(2) set Z_ 15.0
$node_(3) set X_ 340.0 #SECOM
$node_(3) set Y_ 226.0
$node_(3) set Z_ 15.0
$node_(4) set X_ 270.0 #Grad Basico
$node_(4) set Y_ 32.0
$node_(4) set Z_ 15.0
$node_(5) set X_ 476.0 #Reitoria
$node_(5) set Y_ 200.0
$node_(5) set Z_ 15.0
$node_(6) set X_ 628.0 #Incubadora
$node_(6) set Y_ 320.0
$node_(6) set Z_ 15.0
$node_(7) set X_ 570.0 #Musica
$node_(7) set Y_ 440.0
$node_(7) set Z_ 15.0
$node_(8) set X_ 780.0 #LABS
$node_(8) set Y_ 480.0
$node_(8) set Z_ 15.0
$node_(9) set X_ 918.0 #CT
$node_(9) set Y_ 597.0
$node_(9) set Z_ 15.0
$node_(10) set X_ 968.0 #Grad Profissional
$node_(10) set Y_ 550.0
$node_(10) set Z_ 15.0
# cores
$ns_ color 1 red
$ns_ color 2 blue
$ns_ color 3 yellow
# setup UDP connection
# CAPACIT -> GRAD PROFISSIONAL
set udp [new Agent/UDP]
$udp set class_ 1
set null [new Agent/Null]
$ns_ attach-agent $node_(1) $udp
$ns_ attach-agent $node_(10) $null
$ns_ connect $udp $null
$udp set fid_ 1
set cbr [new Application/Traffic/CBR]
$cbr set packetSize_ 40 # RTP + UDP + Payload
$cbr set rate_ 8Kb
$cbr attach-agent $udp
$ns_ at 5.0 "$cbr start"
$ns_ at 45.0 "$cbr stop"
#GRAD PROFISSIONAL -> CAPACIT
set udp1 [new Agent/UDP]
$udp1 set class_ 2
set null1 [new Agent/Null]
$ns_ attach-agent $node_(10) $udp1
$ns_ attach-agent $node_(1) $null1
$ns_ connect $udp1 $null1
$udp1 set fid_ 2
set cbr1 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]
$cbr1 set packetSize_ 40 # RTP + UDP + Payload
$cbr1 set rate_ 8Kb
$cbr1 attach-agent $udp1
$ns_ at 5.0 "$cbr1 start"
$ns_ at 45.0 "$cbr1 stop"
#REITORIA -> CAPACIT
set udp2 [new Agent/UDP]
$udp2 set class_ 3
set null2 [new Agent/Null]
$ns_ attach-agent $node_(5) $udp2
$ns_ attach-agent $node_(1) $null2
$ns_ connect $udp2 $null2
$udp2 set fid_ 3
set cbr2 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]
$cbr2 set packetSize_ 40 # RTP + UDP + Payload
$cbr2 set rate_ 8Kb
$cbr2 attach-agent $udp2
$ns_ at 7.0 "$cbr2 start"
$ns_ at 45.0 "$cbr2 stop"
#CAPACIT -> REITORIA
set udp3 [new Agent/UDP]
$udp3 set class_ 4
set null3 [new Agent/Null]
$ns_ attach-agent $node_(1) $udp3
$ns_ attach-agent $node_(5) $null3
$ns_ connect $udp3 $null3
$udp3 set fid_ 4
set cbr3 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]
$cbr3 set packetSize_ 40 # RTP + UDP + Payload
$cbr3 set rate_ 8Kb
$cbr3 attach-agent $udp3
$ns_ at 7.0 "$cbr3 start"
$ns_ at 45.0 "$cbr3 stop"
#REITORIA -> CT
set udp4 [new Agent/UDP]
$udp4 set class_ 5
set null4 [new Agent/Null]
$ns_ attach-agent $node_(5) $udp4
$ns_ attach-agent $node_(9) $null4
$ns_ connect $udp4 $null4
$udp4 set fid_ 5
set cbr4 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]
$cbr4 set packetSize_ 40 # RTP + UDP + Payload
$cbr4 set rate_ 8Kb
$cbr4 attach-agent $udp4
$ns_ at 9.0 "$cbr4 start"
$ns_ at 45.0 "$cbr4 stop"
#CT -> REITORIA
set udp5 [new Agent/UDP]
$udp5 set class_ 6
set null5 [new Agent/Null]
$ns_ attach-agent $node_(9) $udp5
$ns_ attach-agent $node_(5) $null5
$ns_ connect $udp5 $null5
$udp5 set fid_ 6
set cbr5 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]
$cbr5 set packetSize_ 40 # RTP + UDP + Payload
$cbr5 set rate_ 8Kb
$cbr5 attach-agent $udp5
$ns_ at 9.0 "$cbr5 start"
$ns_ at 45.0 "$cbr5 stop"
#DI -> CT
set udp6 [new Agent/UDP]
$udp6 set class_ 7
set null6 [new Agent/Null]
$ns_ attach-agent $node_(2) $udp6
$ns_ attach-agent $node_(9) $null6
$ns_ connect $udp6 $null6
$udp6 set fid_ 7
set cbr6 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]
$cbr6 set packetSize_ 40 # RTP + UDP + Payload
$cbr6 set rate_ 8Kb
$cbr6 attach-agent $udp6
$ns_ at 11.0 "$cbr6 start"
$ns_ at 45.0 "$cbr6 stop"
#CT -> DI
set udp7 [new Agent/UDP]
$udp7 set class_ 8
set null7 [new Agent/Null]
$ns_ attach-agent $node_(9) $udp7
$ns_ attach-agent $node_(2) $null7
$ns_ connect $udp7 $null7
$udp7 set fid_ 8
set cbr7 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]
$cbr7 set packetSize_ 40 # RTP + UDP + Payload
$cbr7 set rate_ 8Kb
$cbr7 attach-agent $udp7
$ns_ at 11.0 "$cbr7 start"
$ns_ at 45.0 "$cbr7 stop"
#SECOM -> LABS
set udp8 [new Agent/UDP]
$udp8 set class_ 9
set null8 [new Agent/Null]
$ns_ attach-agent $node_(3) $udp8
$ns_ attach-agent $node_(8) $null8
$ns_ connect $udp8 $null8
$udp8 set fid_ 9
set cbr8 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]
$cbr8 set packetSize_ 40 # RTP + UDP + Payload
$cbr8 set rate_ 8Kb
$cbr8 attach-agent $udp8
$ns_ at 13.0 "$cbr8 start"
$ns_ at 45.0 "$cbr8 stop"
#LABS -> SECOM
set udp9 [new Agent/UDP]
$udp9 set class_ 10
set null9 [new Agent/Null]
$ns_ attach-agent $node_(8) $udp9
$ns_ attach-agent $node_(3) $null9
$ns_ connect $udp9 $null9
$udp9 set fid_ 10
set cbr9 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]
$cbr9 set packetSize_ 40 # RTP + UDP + Payload
$cbr9 set rate_ 8Kb
$cbr9 attach-agent $udp9
$ns_ at 13.0 "$cbr9 start"
$ns_ at 45.0 "$cbr9 stop"
#DI -> SECOM
set udp10 [new Agent/UDP]
$udp10 set class_ 11
set null10 [new Agent/Null]
$ns_ attach-agent $node_(2) $udp10
$ns_ attach-agent $node_(3) $null10
$ns_ connect $udp10 $null10
$udp10 set fid_ 11
set cbr10 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]
$cbr10 set packetSize_ 40 # RTP + UDP + Payload
$cbr10 set rate_ 8Kb
$cbr10 attach-agent $udp10
$ns_ at 15.0 "$cbr10 start"
$ns_ at 45.0 "$cbr10 stop"
#SECOM -> DI
set udp11 [new Agent/UDP]
$udp11 set class_ 12
set null11 [new Agent/Null]
$ns_ attach-agent $node_(3) $udp11
$ns_ attach-agent $node_(2) $null11
$ns_ connect $udp11 $null11
$udp11 set fid_ 12
set cbr11 [new Application/Traffic/CBR]
$cbr11 set packetSize_ 40 # RTP + UDP + Payload
$cbr11 set rate_ 8Kb
$cbr11 attach-agent $udp11
$ns_ at 15.0 "$cbr11 start"
$ns_ at 45.0 "$cbr11 stop"
#
# configurando trafego de background - pareto
#
# DI -> LABS
set tcp [new Agent/TCP]
$tcp set class_ 13
set sink [new Agent/TCPSink]
$ns_ attach-agent $node_(2) $tcp
$ns_ attach-agent $node_(8) $sink
$ns_ connect $tcp $sink
$tcp set fid_ 13
set p [new Application/Traffic/Pareto]
$p set packetSize_ 210
$p set burst_time_ 500ms
$p set idle_time_ 500ms
$p set rate_ 200k
$p set shape_ 1.5
$p attach-agent $tcp
$ns_ at 6.0 "$p start"
$ns_ at 35.0 "$p stop"
# GRAD BASICO -> CT
set tcp1 [new Agent/TCP]
$tcp1 set class_ 14
set sink1 [new Agent/TCPSink]
$ns_ attach-agent $node_(4) $tcp1
$ns_ attach-agent $node_(9) $sink1
$ns_ connect $tcp1 $sink1
$tcp1 set fid_ 14
set p1 [new Application/Traffic/Pareto]
$p1 set packetSize_ 210
$p1 set burst_time_ 500ms
$p1 set idle_time_ 500ms
$p1 set rate_ 200k
$p1 set shape_ 1.5
$p1 attach-agent $tcp1
$ns_ at 8.0 "$p1 start"
$ns_ at 35.0 "$p1 stop"
#SECOM -> GRAD PROFISSIONAL
set tcp2 [new Agent/TCP]
$tcp2 set class_ 15
set sink2 [new Agent/TCPSink]
$ns_ attach-agent $node_(3) $tcp2
$ns_ attach-agent $node_(10) $sink2
$ns_ connect $tcp2 $sink2
$tcp2 set fid_ 15
set p2 [new Application/Traffic/Pareto]
$p2 set packetSize_ 210
$p2 set burst_time_ 500ms
$p2 set idle_time_ 500ms
$p2 set rate_ 200k
$p2 set shape_ 1.5
$p2 attach-agent $tcp2
$ns_ at 10.0 "$p2 start"
$ns_ at 35.0 "$p2 stop"
## Label the Special Node in NAM
$ns_ at 0.0 "$node_(1) label CAPACIT"
$ns_ at 0.0 "$node_(2) label Dep_Informatica"
$ns_ at 0.0 "$node_(3) label SECOM"
$ns_ at 0.0 "$node_(4) label Grad_Basico"
$ns_ at 0.0 "$node_(5) label Reitoria"
$ns_ at 0.0 "$node_(6) label Incubadora"
$ns_ at 0.0 "$node_(7) label Musica"
$ns_ at 0.0 "$node_(8) label Laboratorios"
$ns_ at 0.0 "$node_(9) label Centro_Tec"
$ns_ at 0.0 "$node_(10) label Grad_Profissional"
#
# print (in the trace file) routing table and other
# internal data structures on a per-node basis
#
#$ns_ at 5.0 "[$node_(1) agent 255] print_rtable"
#$ns_ at 5.0 "[$node_(2) agent 255] print_rtable"
#$ns_ at 5.0 "[$node_(3) agent 255] print_rtable"
#$ns_ at 5.0 "[$node_(4) agent 255] print_rtable"
#$ns_ at 5.0 "[$node_(5) agent 255] print_rtable"
#$ns_ at 5.0 "[$node_(6) agent 255] print_rtable"
#$ns_ at 5.0 "[$node_(7) agent 255] print_rtable"
#$ns_ at 5.0 "[$node_(8) agent 255] print_rtable"
#$ns_ at 5.0 "[$node_(9) agent 255] print_rtable"
#$ns_ at 5.0 "[$node_(10) agent 255] print_rtable"
#$ns_ at 5.0 "[$node_(1) agent 255] print_linkset"
#$ns_ at 5.0 "[$node_(1) agent 255] print_nbset"
#$ns_ at 5.0 "[$node_(1) agent 255] print_nb2hopset"
#$ns_ at 5.0 "[$node_(1) agent 255] print_mprset"
#$ns_ at 5.0 "[$node_(1) agent 255] print_mprselset"
#$ns_ at 5.0 "[$node_(1) agent 255] print_topologyset"
#
# source connection-pattern and node-movement scripts
#
if { $opt(cp) == "" } {
puts "*** NOTE: no connection pattern specified."
set opt(cp) "none"
} else {
puts "Loading connection pattern..."
source $opt(cp)
}
if { $opt(sc) == "" } {
puts "*** NOTE: no scenario file specified."
set opt(sc) "none"
} else {
puts "Loading scenario file..."
source $opt(sc)
puts "Load complete..."
}
#
# define initial node position in nam
#
for {set i 1} {$i < $opt(nn)} {incr i} {
$ns_ initial_node_pos $node_($i) 20
}
#
# tell all nodes when the simulation ends
#
for {set i 1} {$i < $opt(nn) } {incr i} {
$ns_ at $opt(stop).0 "$node_($i) reset";
}
$ns_ at $opt(stop).0002 "puts \"NS EXITING...\" ; $ns_ halt"
$ns_ at $opt(stop).0001 "stop"
proc stop {} {
global ns_ tracefd namtrace
$ns_ flush-trace
close $tracefd
close $namtrace
}
#
# begin simulation
#
puts "Starting Simulation..."
$ns_ run
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